NETs can bind to endothelial cells through vWF and P-selectin, providing a scaffold for platelet, neutrophil and erythrocyte binding, which further leading to fibrin deposition and thrombosis, and aggravating myocardial fibrosis and vascular injury (Dumont et al., 2024; Sørensen and Borregaard, 2016). The gene discussed is VWF; the disease is Myocardial fibrosis.