Of particular interest, EVs released from epilepsy-derived neurons can specifically act on the protein kinase Cδ (PKCδ) /GLT-1 signaling axis in astrocytes by transporting miR-181c-5p, leading to impaired glial glutamate clearance and ultimately significantly elevating epilepsy susceptibility (Ma et al., 2024). This evidence concerns the gene PRKCD and epilepsy.