ANGPT1 and Parkinson disease: 2018). Therefore, the augmentation of Ang1–7 and alamandine serves as a preventive measure against the deterioration of DNs in the SN. Moreover, ACEIs and ARBs promote the production of ACE2, resulting in the formation of Ang1–7 and alamandine. Therefore, the ability of ACEIs and ARBs to protect against PD is associated with their ability to block the traditional RAS pathway and stimulate the ACE2/Ang1–7/alamandine/MrgD axis (Kuba et al. 2010; Gong et al. 2022).