It is important to note, however, that IL-17 can be produced by myriads of cell types including neutrophils, mucosal-associated invariant T cells (MAITs), macrophages, etc. Cationic antimicrobial peptides (CAMPs) are also differentially expressed in the presence of BV-associated microbes as compared to a Lactobacillus-dominant microbiota (235), and a recent meta-analysis of vaginal metatranscriptomes described an increased profile of genes involved in CAMP resistance in samples collected from BV-associated microbiomes compared to samples collected from non-BV microbiomes (217). The gene discussed is IL17A; the disease is bacterial vaginosis.