It has also been suggested that an elevated APOB/APOA1 ratio in patients with metabolic syndrome independently predicts the risk of aortic valve calcification, even when LDL is normal [33], which suggested the combination of APOB/APOA1 with hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia is a valid predictor of CAVD. This evidence concerns the gene APOA1 and metabolic syndrome.