In February 2014, KEYNOTE‐028 marked the beginning of ICIs monotherapy for EC, it is a multicenter, nonrandomized, open‐label study administering pembrolizumab at 10 mg/kg every 3 weeks to patients with PD‐L1‐positive esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) or adenocarcinoma [95]. Here, CD274 is linked to esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.