TFAM and neoplasm: In conclusion, the NKP-1339/miR-142-NBs combined with US treatment induced significant mitochondrial structural damage, up-regulated fission proteins (DRP1 and FIS1), and down-regulated fusion and biogenesis-related genes (OPA1, PGC1-α, NRF1, MFN2, and TFAM), suggesting that mitochondrial dysfunction may be linked to tumor cell apoptosis and ICD responses.