Although no significant differences were detected between the HFD group and the HFD + OS-1010 group in the four genes (Col1a1, Col3a1, Cidea, and Tnfα), significant p16INK4 downregulation and improvement in serum ALT level suggest that administration of F. fructosus OS-1010 has a potential contribution to the mitigation of NAFLD progression. Here, COL1A1 is linked to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.