Immune ssGSEA using lung cancer TCGA data confirmed that 5 immune infiltrating cells positively associated with ZBTB46 were NK cells (r = 0.500, p < 0.001), pDC (r = 0.398, p < 0.001), Th1 cells (r = 0.381, p < 0.001), Tem (r = 0.380, p < 0.001) and TFH (r = 0.374, p < 0.001) (Fig. 4b‒c). This evidence concerns the gene ZBTB46 and lung carcinoma.