Presence of high-molecular-mass forms of GFAP in both children (Figs. 7A and E; p = 0.0393) and non-significantly in adults with ASD (Fig. 8A, D and E) is novel and has been reported to occur in Alexander disease [40] previously due to oxidative stress and altered redox signaling, conditions that occur in ASD brain. Here, GFAP is linked to Alexander disease.