Chronic low-grade inflammation is a common pathological feature of both: metabolic disturbances in patients with DM induce the release of peripheral inflammatory factors, and these inflammatory factors pass through the compromised BBB into the central nervous system (CNS), activating microglia and astrocytes and triggering a neuroinflammatory cascade response, which in turn promotes Aβ deposition in AD and tau protein hyperphosphorylation (Sebastian Monasor et al., 2020; Chen et al., 2024). This evidence concerns the gene MAPT and Alzheimer disease.