PIK3C3 and Alzheimer disease: In early AD stages, upregulation of autophagosomes in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons is associated with altered expression of autophagy-related genes (ATG3, ATG5, ATG12, ULK1, and PIK3C3/VPS34) and proteins (LC3B-II and LC3B-I) (Bordi et al. 2016).