Following adjustment for age, smoking history, hypertension, hyperlipidemia,statin use and diabetes, the serum levels of HMGB1 (OR: 1.212, 95% CI:1.003–1.465, p < 0.05) and HMGB2 (OR: 1.117, 95% CI: 1.005–1.241,p < 0.05) were independently associated with AAA rupture. Here, HMGB1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.