Necroptosis-associated proteins, such as RIPKs andphosphorylated MLKL, were significantly upregulated in end-stage heart failurecaused by DCM and heart failure resulting from myocardial infarction (MI).Phosphorylated MLKL was higher in DCM than in CAD [111]. This evidence concerns the gene MLKL and familial dilated cardiomyopathy.