INS and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Elevated levels of BCAAs are often observed in individuals with obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome, may via interfering with insulin signaling pathways.[27, 59, 60] The elevation of BCAAs in AGA patients may participate in the incidence of such metabolic comorbidities, and diet restriction of such BCAAs may exert benefit for the treatment AGA.