MTIF3 and hydrops fetalis: Fewer colonies were formed in the overexpression conditions (OE-COL9A1-AC16, OE-MTIF3-AC16, OE-COL9A1-SKHEP1, and OE-MTIF3-SKHEP1) compared to the control groups, indicating that the overexpression of these genes negatively impacts the proliferative ability of HF cells (Figs. 7D-E and 8D-E).