Lastly, isoTWAS identifies 52 genes (34 undetected by TWAS) that are associated with five or more cancer outcomes (Fig. 2d), including multiple known oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes, such as MYC [29], MUTYH [30], GNAI2 [31, 32], ACO2 [33], and BMI1 [34]. Here, BMI1 is linked to cancer.