ATF4 and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: However, BM‐MSC three‐lineage differentiation potential into adipogenic, osteogenic, and chondrogenic was directly related to the degree of obesity and resulted in increased levels of intracellular ROS, increased senescence‐associated β‐Galactosidase expression, upregulation of OS and ERS‐related genes, and induction of cellular protection mechanisms, as evident from increased expression of TRXNRD1, XBP1/sXBP1, ATF4, and CHOP.