IL1B and Salmonella Infections: Additionally, Salmonella infection-induced ileal mucosal damage was alleviated by P118 administration, as illustrated by the increased ileal villus height (Figure 2H, Figure 2—figure supplement 1), ratio of villus height/crypt depth (Figure 2H, Figure 2—figure supplement 1), ileal microvilli height and density (Figure 2H, Figure 2—figure supplement 1), the upregulated Tjp1 mRNA expression (Figure 2—figure supplement 2), and the downregulated Il1b mRNA expression (Figure 2—figure supplement 2), accompanied by the reduced Il1b level in serum (Figure 2—figure supplement 2).