NOS2 and Salmonella Infections: Intervention with P118 significantly increased the numbers of Ki67-positive cells (proliferating cells), Muc2-positive cells (goblet cells), and decreased the numbers of F4/80-positive cells (macrophages) and F4/80+ Nos2+ cells (pro-inflammatory macrophages) in the ileum (Figure 2H) and also attenuated the pathological damages of peripheral organs (liver and spleen) caused by Salmonella infection (Figure 2—figure supplement 1A and B).