To assess the relevance of IL-2R regulation of CEACAM1 in vivo, we examined the expression of CEACAM1 upon low-dose IL-2 therapy in 27 patients with 8 autoimmune diseases, i.e., systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriasis, Crohn’s disease (CD), sclerosing cholangitis (SC), ankylosing spondylitis, Sjögren’s syndrome, and systemic sclerosis (SSc) (32). The gene discussed is IL2RA; the disease is Cowden disease.