Although the oncogenic roles of ASXL1 mutations in hematological malignancies are well documented and have been addressed in prior reviews [43, 44], in the following sections, we focus on emerging evidence linking ASXL1-mutated CH with lifestyle-associated factors and non-malignant, non-hematological diseases, an area that remains underexplored (Fig. 2). Here, ASXL1 is linked to hematologic disorder.