Expression of serum EV-derived piRNAs iselevated in HCC patients, and some of them (e.g., piR-15254, piR-1029,novel-piR-35395, novel-piR-32132, and novel-piR-43597) are potentially usablein HCC diagnosis even in patients with a low tumor burden [62]. This evidence concerns the gene PIR and hepatocellular carcinoma.