TNF and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: Based on the central regulatory role of TNF-α in the systemic inflammatory cascade response in COPD, the combined evidence suggests that tansy polyphenol intervention not only significantly reduced TNF-α levels (WMD=-6.36 pg/mL, P<0.001), but also the mechanism of action may be achieved through a dual pathway: 1) direct inhibition of the phosphorylation process of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signalling pathway, 2)downregulation of NLRP3 inflammatory vesicle activation-mediated caspase-1-dependent IL-1β maturation pathway.