VHL and nonpapillary renal cell carcinoma: CcRCC is characterized by a metabolic shift from mitochondrial oxidation to anaerobic glycolysis in the presence of oxygen, known as the Warburg effect [13–15], driven by the loss of function of the Von Hippel-Lindau gene (VHL) and the Hypoxia-inducible Factor (HIF) stabilization [16, 17].