Immunohistochemical analyses have consistently demonstrated pathological upregulation of PD-L1 in DLBCL TME, which correlates with adverse clinical outcomes including reduced PFS (median 8.2 vs 24.6 months, p < 0.001) and elevated relapse rates (HR = 3.4, 95% CI 2.1–5.5) [46]. The gene discussed is CD274; the disease is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.