Nine marmosets were injected with samples obtained from three sporadic AD cases, five marmosets were injected with homogenate from one familial AD case attributed to a codon 717 mutation in APP, six marmosets were injected with samples obtained from two cases of cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) associated with Down syndrome, and two marmosets were injected with homogenate from one case of spongiform encephalopathy associated to a prion protein gene mutation; this brain also contained cerebral β-amyloidosis (Ridley et al., 2006). The gene discussed is APP; the disease is Alzheimer disease.