TNFSF4 and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Over a median follow-up of 7 years, we identified dynamic changes in specific glycans, particularly GP32 (triantennary trisialylated glycan A3G3S3), GP22 (biantennary, core fucosylated, disialylated FA2G2S2), GP34 (triantennary, core fucosylated, trisialylated FA3G3S3), and GP18 (biantennary, disialylated A2G2S2), which showed significant associations with the transition from normoglycemia to prediabetes and T2D.