However, EMs are different from EVs in that the effects of EMs from SHR were mediated by the increased OPN transfer and subsequent activation of integrin αVβ3/FAK/PI3K/AKT signalling pathway, and that EMs of WKY had no significant effects in attenuating VSMCs proliferation and migration, vascular remodelling and hypertension. The gene discussed is SPP1; the disease is Hypertension.