ARF4 and infection: As expected, T4 trophocytes had the strongest transcriptional response to infection, inducing expression of 57 genes, many of which are involved in immunity, such as pathogen recognition proteins (GNBPB1, PGRPLA), activation of the Toll pathway (AGAP001798), bacterial cell wall lysis (LYSC2, AGAP001430), microtubule assembly and cytoskeleton reorganization (AGAP012991, AGAP010770, Arf2), protein folding, maturation, and translocation (AGAP010225, AGAP002816, AGAP007361), and intracellular signaling (AGAP029529, AGAP010350, AGAP005352) (Fig. 5G, Supplementary Table 6).