NFKB1 and necrotizing enterocolitis: Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms SNPs, such as those in carbamyl phosphate synthetase (T1405N)19, IL12 (p40 promoter CTCTAA/GC)20, VEGF (C-2578A)21, and NFKB1(g.−24519delATTG),22 have been found to be associated with NEC, but genome-wide association studies for NEC are very few23.