IL1A and bacterial infectious disease with sepsis: While IL-10, a major anti-inflammatory cytokine observed in both clinical and animal model studies of S. aureus bacteremia (Bergersen et al., 2025; Leech et al., 2017), was detected in only one animal (DL606), we did observe a significant spike in IL-1RA, a natural antagonist that blocks the pro-inflammatory activity of IL-1β and IL-1α by competitively binding to the IL-1 receptors.