Extensive studies have demonstrated that inhibitor of kappa B (IκB)/nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway, and kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway played a central role in CKD 82-84. The gene discussed is KEAP1; the disease is chronic kidney disease.