Considering the short half-life of levosimendan in vivo, PLGA encapsulation was employed to overcome this limitation, as evidenced by the following: 1) PLGA-encapsulated Levosimendan mitigates the renal fibrosis caused by repeated low-dose CDDP treatment through the inhibition of the Mettl3/Pfkfb3/lactate/H3K18la/PD-L1 axis (Fig. 7&8). This evidence concerns the gene PFKFB3 and renal fibrosis.