For example, studies using C57BL/6J WT mice and Ras guanine nucleotide-releasing protein-4 (RasGRP4) KO mice subjected to a high-fat diet combined with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) to induce diabetes showed that RasGRP4 KO mice exhibited reduced macrophage infiltration, lower expression of inflammatory mediators such as IL-6, TNF-α, intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), as well as decreased NLRP3 inflammasome and MAPK/ NF-κB signaling pathways. Here, VCAM1 is linked to diabetes mellitus.