IL4 and Alzheimer disease: In a clinical trial of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) (NCT02600130), researchers observed that compared to the placebo group, a single intravenous infusion of Lomecel-B reduced interleukin levels (IL-4 and IL-6), significantly increased vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF), attenuated inflammatory response, and improved vascular function (Brody et al., 2023).