IC/BPS: dysfunctional/exhausted CD8 + T cells (R4A2, ISG20, TANK and CAPZB), increased numbers of activated B cells and neutrophils, upregulated CCL5, decreased IL10 and IL35, increased TGFβ in Tregs, upregulated receptors CCR7, CXCR4, IFNGR1/2, TGFβR2 and IL2RG, infection with HPV2 in 95% IC/BPS patients. Here, TGFB1 is linked to infection.