Overall, as most of the studies in this work were performed in mouse models, further investigation will be necessary to determine which effects of SIRT2 inactivation (i.e., elevated islet respiration, dampening of β cell stress responses, and expansion of β cell area) are conserved in humans and the extent to which SIRT2’s function is preserved in the contexts of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Here, SIRT2 is linked to type 2 diabetes mellitus.