GH1 and bone fracture: Recently, after femoral fracture nonunion, short-term alendronate use effectively reduced back pain and aided fracture recovery,[4] although the optimal treatment timing and duration remain debated.[14,15] New treatments such as denosumab, teriparatide, TGF-β antibodies, and growth hormone are under research,[15,16] with the off-label use of denosumab requiring careful evaluation.[17]