ACAT1 and diabetes mellitus: Instead, we found protein downregulation of the intracellular monocarboxylate (ketone body) transporter 1 (SLC16A1), 3-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase (BDH1), and mitochondrial acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase (ACAT1) in ICM-DM, which are required for ketone metabolism to acetyl-CoA.