When LNCaP-EnzR cells were compared with LNCaP cells, 234 distinct AhR-regulated genes were found in the enzalutamide-resistant cells (Fig. 5b), which were enriched in 27 pathways, including a number of oncogenic pathways, such as the TNF signalling pathway, the AMPK signalling pathway, chemical cancer receptor activation and transcriptional dysregulation in cancer (Fig. 5f). Here, AHR is linked to cancer.