EGFR and glioblastoma: In hepatocellular carcinoma, CD133 enhances stemness by stabilizing EGFR-AKT signaling, as the absence of EGFR causes CD133+ cells to lose their stemness properties.132 Similarly, CD133 plays a critical role in breast cancer and GBM progression, particularly in triple-negative subtypes, by enhancing cell motility, invasion, and metastatic potential.