PARP9 and infection: Genes with antiviral activities, including T cell proliferation and interferon pathways (e.g., IFITM-like, MX1, DHX58, IFI27L2A, LY6E-like, PARP9) were highly transcribed in 7–9 dpi, but it appears that such high level of transcription were not sustained into the fourth stage of infection (11–21 dpi) (Fig 11B).