SESN1 and atherosclerosis: The relationship between Sestrin-1 and cardiovascular protection is supported by its established roles in mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation through the AMPK, mTORC1, and autophagy pathways.8-10 Previous studies have shown that Sestrin-1 reduces endothelial cell apoptosis and inflammation induced by oxidized low-density lipoproteins (ox-LDL), suggesting a protective role against atherosclerosis.11 In this study, the negative correlation between Sestrin-1 and inflammatory markers, such as CRP and ESR, further supports its potential role as an anti-inflammatory mediator in r-axSpA.