Most importantly, in gastrointestinal cancer, MUC5B enhances metastasis through Wnt/β-catenin activation—a mechanism further supported by pan-cancer analyses (32), while in chronic rhinosinusitis, MUC5B+ goblet cell hyperplasia correlates with Th2 inflammation (44), aligning with our observed eM2 macrophage enrichment. Here, MUC5B is linked to chronic rhinosinusitis.