NLRP3 and cryopyrin-associated periodic syndrome: Cryopyrin-associated periodic syndromes (CAPS) encompass a range of systemic autoinflammatory disorders with varying clinical severity, stemming from a gain of function mutations in the CIAS1 gene.3 The gene is now identified to be NLRP3, which was recognised as a pivotal protein complex for caspase-1 activation and subsequent IL-1 activation and secretion.6