Melatonin induces toxicity of the chemotherapeutic drug gemcitabine in BC cells by silencing the ENO1 upstream factor PPARγ,In a bladder cancer xenograft model, the tumor growth inhibition rate in the melatonin treatment group reached 58%,providing a new perspective for MLT treatment of BC (Shen et al., 2023). The gene discussed is ENO1; the disease is urinary bladder carcinoma.