These are the three types of TAAs in GBM.192 TAAs can prolong overall survival in GBM vaccination, as demonstrated by the promotion of CD8 + T-cell activation and cytotoxicity, which is facilitated by increased CTA expression in GBM cells.193 Neoantigens and TAAs produced successful immunotherapies, particularly for tumors with low TMB, according to a recent clinical study on newly diagnosed GBM patients.194. The gene discussed is CD8A; the disease is glioblastoma.