INS and atherosclerosis: A unique study suggested (30) a positive correlation between blood selenium levels and TyG-BMI index; it is well known that selenium prevents atherosclerosis by modulating the process of inflammation, inhibiting oxidative stress, and protecting endothelial cells from apoptosis (31), but excessive selenium may interfere with insulin signaling, acting in the opposite direction; elevated blood selenium leads to an increased probability of atherosclerosis, which indirectly proves that there is an association of elevated TyG-BMI index and atherosclerosis.