For instance, Huang et al.26 used scRNA-seq to show the involvement of the cyclic adenosine monophosphate response pathway in the pathogenesis of pediatric-onset colitis, identify multiple cellular defects, and demonstrate that the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitor, dipyridamole, successfully ameliorated clinical symptoms in both mice and children with colitis. This evidence concerns the gene ALDH7A1 and colitis.