Notably, low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) serves as a dual-target biomarker, as it is highly expressed on cell membrane of GBM as well as on the endothelial cell membrane of the BBB, the blood-tumor barrier (BTB), and the tumor-associated neovasculature 8, 9. The gene discussed is LRP1; the disease is neoplasm.